Cantonese version of the kinship terminology chart: a more down-to-earth family culture

In Chinese culture, terms of address often vary depending on the region and dialect. For example, in Cantonese, grandmother is usually called "嫲嫲" (mā mā), while in Shandong dialect it's called "奶奶" (nǎinai), and in Hokkien it's called "阿嬷" (āmā). To help everyone understand the addressing customs in Guangdong, the Cantonese Archives has compiled a Cantonese version of a family kinship address table to help you use the correct and authentic terms.

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Kinship in Traditional Culture: Understanding the Deeper Meaning of Titles

1. In traditional Chinese families, titles not only indicate generational order but also reflect the closeness of blood ties and in-law relationships. For example:

• The grandfather's elder brother is called "Da Bo Gong" (大伯公), while the grandfather's younger brother is called "Shu Gong" (叔公).
• The wife of the father's younger brother is called "auntie", while the husband of the mother's sister is called "uncle".

Behind these titles lies not only a set of family system norms, but also the importance that Chinese people place on family ethics.

2. Family Relationship Chart: A visualization tool to help you quickly understand relationships.

For those with a slightly weaker memory, a family tree is an incredibly useful tool! This chart visually presents the positions and titles of different family members, making it easier for you to understand and remember.

• Small family tree: suitable for families with fewer members.
• Large family tree: It shows in detail the generation and blood relationship of each member.

Download a kinship chart and save it on your phone. You can refer to it anytime, and study it with your children when visiting relatives during the New Year – the effect will be greatly enhanced!

3. Create your own family tree

Besides using existing tools, consider creating your family tree. A family tree clearly records the bloodlines and generations of family members, and even reveals connections between distant relatives. Here are some common terms:

• Blood relatives: grandfather, grandmother, maternal grandfather, maternal grandmother
• In-laws: Uncle-in-law, Aunt-in-law, Maternal aunt

Creating a family tree not only enhances understanding among family members, but also ensures the complete transmission of family history.

4. New Year's Greeting Tips: Relationships with relatives are no longer a problem.

• Carry a family tree with you or use the app: check anytime, convenient and practical.

• Practice with your child beforehand: Tell your child in advance how to address them, helping them establish a correct understanding of family relationships.

• Deflect awkwardness with a smile: If you are really unsure, you can politely ask for advice from elders to show respect.

5. Conclusion

Whether using an app, a kinship chart, or creating a family tree, these methods demonstrate how to easily manage kinship terms during the Lunar New Year. Not only do they avoid awkward situations, but they also foster more harmonious family relationships. Get ready to welcome a joyful and carefree Lunar New Year!

Supported by AME

Bonus content: This is how kinship is expressed in English.

When watching American TV shows or English cartoons, you might occasionally encounter the term "mother-in-law." Are you familiar with this foreign family term? Not at all?! No problem, let's learn how to say it in English together!

• grandfather, grandfather, maternal grandfather
• Grandmother
• dad
• Mother
• Father-in-law, father-in-law
• mother (岳母, 婆婆)
• stepfather
• stepmother stepmother
• adoptive parents
• biological parents / birth parents: The term adopted children use to refer to their biological parents.
• uncle
• Aunt
• Uncle Uncle
• Aunt, Uncle, and Aunt
• Cousin's cousins
• Brother
• younger brother
• elder brother
• Sister
• Younger sister
• elder sister
• step-brother / step-sister (child of a stepfather or stepmother)
• Half-brother/half-sister: A child born to your biological father/mother and stepmother/stepfather.
• husband
• wife
• son
• daughter
• Niece, niece
• Nephew, nephew
• Grandchild
• granddaughter
• Grandson's grandson

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